Incandescent electric lighting.



W. L. BLISS.

INGANDESGENT ELEGTRIG LIGHTING. APPLICATION FILED 001220, 1906.

1,022,057. Patented Apr. 2, 1912. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

:m nnun-anmuanm W. L. BLISS.

INCANDESGENT ELECTRIC LIGHTING.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 20, 1905.

- Patented Apr. 2, 1912.

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1 9 /644 00000 844/0 GVI/{TOL M wLzaL/ ss M "3277mm WILLIAM L. BLISS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

INCANDESCENT ELECTRIC LIGHTING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. '2, 1912.

Application filed October 20, 1905. Serial No. 283,570.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM L. Buss, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, borough of Brooklyn, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in, Incandescent Electrlc Lighting, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements in systems and apparatus for incandescent electric lighting.

It is particularly applicable to what is termed turn-down lamps, but may be employed for other purposes. Such lamps are usually provided with multiple filaments and luminosity is varied by changing the circuit arraugement'of the filaments.

In the preferred embodiment of my invention the arrangement of the filaments is controlled by an electro-magnetically operated switch and the switch is in turn adapted to be operated from a distant point.

Figure 1 is a side view of a lamp and vertical section of a socket embodying improvements of my invention. Fig. 2 is an end View of the socket with the lamp removed. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the insulating block in which the parts are mounted. Fig.

4 is an end view of the lamp removed from the socket. Fig. 5 shows two detailed views of a short-circuiting contact. Fig. 6 shows two detailed views of the main contact having a branch which cooperates with the short circuiting contact. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of a system embodying my invention. Fig. 8 is a side view of a modified structure in which the short-'circuiting mechanism embodied in an auxiliary socket secured in a regular socket and provided with terminals of slightly different type. Fig. 9 is a side view of this auxiliary socket. Fig. 10 is a detail showing the polarized relay and circuit. Fig. 11 is a sec tional. viewof the relay and armature.

1 indicates the lamp bulb.

2 and 3 are high and low resistance filaments. These are preferably arranged to be normally connected in series, so that as the high resistance filament 2 Will take the greater amount of energy, it only will give forth appreciable light.

4 is the central terminal.

5 is an intermediate annular terminal common to both filaments.

6 is a screw-threaded outer terminal for the main low resistance filament 3.

7 is a block of insulating material. 8 is the 'main spring contact secured to this block and connected to one branch X of the lightmg clrcuit.

9 is an electro imagnet mounted in the insulating block and having a polarized armature 10. t

11 is a screw-threaded terminal. The other branch Y of the lighting circuit con tains the coils of the electro magnet 9 and is connected to the terminal 11.

A and B are the mains of a direct-current energizlng circuit.

C is the pole-changing switch by which the branches X and Y are adapted to be connected to the mains A and B. Normally the current flowing energizes the magnet 9 and draws the armature 10 to the left, so that the currentflowsthrough the branches X and Y, passing from X through contact- 8, terminal 4, high resistance filament 2, terminal 5, low resistance filament 3, terminal 6, terminal 11, through the coils of the electro-magnet to Y, so that only the high resistance filament gives appreciable light.

12 is a branch of the main contact 8 in the form of a spring finger.

13 is an arm of the short-circuiting member, having one end located adjacent the end of the arm 12. The other arm 14 contacts with the annular terminal 5 of the lamp.

15 is a tip carried by the polarized arma-i ture 10, having its path of movement in line with the end of the arm 12.

16 is a case surrounding the operating parts of the mechanism. I

When the direction of the current through the branches X and Y is reversed by the pole-changer C, the magnetization of the magnet 9 is reversed and draws the armature 10 to the right. The tip 15 forces the end of the arm 12 against the end of the arm 13, and thus short-circuits the high resistance filament 2, so that the low resist ,ance filament 3 receives the principal current and is rendered highly incandescent. The current then flows from Y, through the magnet coils, terminals 11 and 6, filament 3, terminal 5, arm 14, arm 13 and finger 12 to X.

17 is a socket of the ordinary type, provided with the ordinary socket-button 18 and switch.

19 is an intermediate or auxiliary socket adapted to carry mechanism similar to the mechanism thus far described, and which may serve to install lamps and the system of my invention without replacing the ordinary sockets in use.

20 isthe central terminal.

21 is a screw-threaded terminal for connection with the socket 17.

The lamp 1 is shown with a central threaded socket 4 connected to the low resistance filament 3, instead of the flat plate socket 4. The annular terminal 5' is a common terminal for the two filaments. The outer terminal 6 is a plain ring constituting one terminal of the high resistance filament 2. The central terminal 8 ofthe socket, cooperates with the terminal 4 and the lateral terminal 11 cooperates with the terminal 6. It will thus be seen that the parts are mechanically the reverse of those shown in Fig. 1.

With the socket shown in Fig. 1, an ordinary single filament lamp having a central plate terminal and outer screw-threaded terminal may be employed and lighted up or turned out when the current is flowing in either direction.

The auxiliary socket 19 may be employed with ordinary sockets having central s ring contactand an outer screw-threade terminal. The lamp 1 may be employed in any socket having a central threaded post and a contact adapted to coact with an annular terminal. It will be obvious from this that the lamp 1 might be wired similar to the lamp 1, so as to be operable on the low resistance filament in an ordinary socket. It will also be obvious that the auxiliary socket 19 might be constructedwith its lamp terminals similar to those of Fig. 1. This lamp and system has particular utility in lighting where it is desired to employ a number of lamps and which at times are required to give less light than at others.

Any number of lamps may be controlled simultaneously by a single switch, as indi cated in Fig. 7. The lamps may all be normally connected so that each one will give its maximum light, and so that all may be turned down simultaneously. The lamps might also be arranged so that normally part of them would give their maximum light,-

while others would give their minimum light. The operation of the pole changer in such cases would turn down some of the lights and turn up others. In a system embodying sockets of my invention, if ordinary single filament lamps are employed, the operation of the pole changer would not afi'ect the lights. The principal advantage of the invention is that it affords opportunity to control the turning up and down of one or more lamps from a distance.

What I claim is:

1. An incandescent electric lighting apparatus comprising a base, a main spring contact having a branch arm, a Short-circuiting spring contacthaving an arm, and magneti cally operable means for connecting said arms.

2. In an incandescent lamp socket, a base, a spring arm having a centrally located terminal, a .second spring arm having an eccentrically located terminal, and an annular terminal.

3. In an incandescent lamp socket, a base, a spring arm having a terminal disk, a second spring arm having a terminal disk, and a spring branch integral with each arm, said branches being adapted, to be connected.

4. In an incandescent electric lighting apparatus, a socket member having a screwthreaded terminal and two spring arm con tacts, and a removable lamp having two filamcnts connected in series, a screw-threaded terminal connected to one filamenta plate connected to the other filament and an annular terminal common to both filaments, said screw-threaded socket terminal engaging the screw-threaded lamp terminal, and said contacts engaging said plate and said annular terminal respectively.

5. In an incandescent lighting system, a distributing circuit, a lamp socket connected thereto and having three contacts for engagement by lamp terminals, and a polarized relay switch in said socket for connecting two of said contacts when the current flows in one direction in the circuit.

WILLIAlVI L. BLISS. Witnesses: i

J. N. ROBERTSON, HERBERT J. -SMITH. 

